Thermal Energy Storage (TES) allows excess heat or cold to be stored for later use, improving energy efficiency and reliability. For example, energy from solar systems can be stored in molten salt or ice at off-peak times and used during peak demand. TES helps balance energy supply and demand, reduces strain on the grid, and supports the integration of renewable energy sources like solar and wind. This makes energy systems more cost-effective and resilient as communities work toward cleaner, sustainable solutions